Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imodoka transaxle ikunze kuboneka?

Mwisi yubuhanga bwimodoka, ijambo "transaxle" rikunze kuza mubiganiro kubyerekeye imiterere yimodoka n'imikorere. Transaxle nikintu cyingenzi gihuza imirimo yo kohereza hamwe na axe mubice bimwe. Igishushanyo gishya gifite akamaro kanini muburyo bwimodoka, bituma habaho gukoresha neza umwanya no kugabana ibiro. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasesengura icyoimpinduramatwarani, ibyiza byayo, nubwoko bwimodoka iboneka cyane.

Transaxle ni iki?

Transaxle ninteko yubukanishi ihuza ihererekanyabubasha, itandukanyirizo, hamwe na axe ya axe mubice bimwe. Iki gishushanyo gikoreshwa cyane cyane mumodoka-yimbere-yimodoka (FWD), aho moteri iherereye imbere yimodoka, kandi imbaraga zigomba koherezwa mubiziga byimbere. Transaxle ituma imiterere itaziguye, igabanya umubare wibigize bikenewe kandi ikanagabanya uburemere bwikinyabiziga.

Ubusanzwe transaxle igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi:

1. Ihererekanyabubasha: Iki gice gifite inshingano zo guhindura igipimo cyibikoresho, bituma ikinyabiziga cyihuta kandi cyihuta neza. Irashobora kuba iyikora cyangwa intoki, ukurikije imiterere yikinyabiziga.
2. Itandukaniro: Itandukaniro ryemerera ibiziga kuzunguruka ku muvuduko utandukanye, bikaba ngombwa mugihe uhinduye inguni. Hatabayeho itandukaniro, ibiziga byahatirwa kuzunguruka ku muvuduko umwe, biganisha ku kwambara amapine no gukemura ibibazo.
3. Drive Axle: Umurongo wo gutwara utanga imbaraga kuva muhererekanya ku ruziga, bigatuma imodoka igenda.

Muguhuza ibyo bice mubice bimwe, ababikora barashobora kubika umwanya no kugabanya ibiro, bishobora kuganisha kumikorere ya peteroli no kubiranga.

Ibyiza bya Transaxle

Igishushanyo cya transaxle gitanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza uburyo bwa gakondo bwoherejwe hamwe na sisitemu ya axle:

1. Umwanya Ukoresha Umwanya: Muguhuza ibice byinshi mubice bimwe, transaxles yubusa umwanya muri chassis yikinyabiziga. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane mumodoka zoroheje aho umwanya uri hejuru.
2. Kugabanya ibiro: Transaxle irashobora kuba yoroshye kuruta imiterere gakondo, ishobora kuzamura imikorere ya lisansi no gukora. Ibinyabiziga byoroheje bisaba imbaraga nke zo kugenda, biganisha kuri gazi nziza.
3. Gutezimbere neza: Igishushanyo cya transaxle cyemerera hagati yububasha bwo hasi, bushobora kuzamura imiterere yikinyabiziga. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane cyane mumodoka igamije imikorere.
4. Gukora byoroheje: Ibice bike bisobanura uburyo bworoshye bwo guterana, bushobora kugabanya ibiciro byinganda nigihe.
5. Gukurura gukurura: Mu binyabiziga bigenda imbere-ibinyabiziga, igishushanyo cya transaxle gifasha gukwirakwiza uburemere buringaniye hejuru yiziga ryimbere, kunoza gukurura no gutuza, cyane cyane mubihe bibi.

Ubwoko bwimodoka zisanzwe zikoresha Transaxles

Transaxles ikunze kuboneka mumodoka-yimbere-yimodoka, ariko imikoreshereze yayo ntabwo igarukira muriki cyiciro. Hano hari ubwoko bwimodoka aho transaxles ikoreshwa kenshi:

1. Imodoka zoroheje: Imodoka nyinshi zoroheje zikoresha transaxles bitewe nigishushanyo mbonera cyazo cyo kuzigama no gukora neza. Abanyamideli nka Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, na Ford Focus bakunze kwerekana transaxles, bigatuma bahitamo gukundwa no gutwara imijyi.
2. Imodoka ya siporo: Imodoka zimwe na zimwe za siporo, cyane cyane izifite moteri yo hagati, ikoresha transaxles kugirango igabanye uburemere nogukora. Porsche 911 nurugero rwibanze, aho transaxle igira uruhare mumikorere yimodoka no kwihuta.
3. Ibinyabiziga bihenze: Imodoka zohejuru zohejuru zikunze kwinjizamo transaxles kugirango zongere imikorere kandi zitange uburambe bwo gutwara. Ibicuruzwa nka Audi na BMW bifashisha transaxles muburyo bwabo bwa FWD na AWD kugirango banoze imikorere no guhumurizwa.
4. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV): Mugihe inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zigenda zigenda zigana amashanyarazi, transaxles iragenda iba myinshi mumodoka y'amashanyarazi. Igishushanyo mbonera cya transaxle ihuza neza nimbogamizi zumwanya wamashanyarazi. Kurugero, Tesla Model 3 igaragaramo transaxle icunga neza itangwa ryamashanyarazi kumuziga.
5. Imodoka ya Hybrid: Imodoka ya Hybrid, ihuza moteri yaka imbere na moteri yamashanyarazi, akenshi ikoresha transaxles kugirango icunge ingufu ziva mumasoko yombi. Toyota Prius ni urugero ruzwi cyane rw'imodoka ivanze ikoresha transaxle kugirango yongere ingufu za peteroli n'imikorere.
6. Ikinyabiziga cyose gifite ibiziga (AWD): Sisitemu zimwe za AWD zikoresha transaxles kugirango zigabanye imbaraga kumuziga uko ari ine neza. Igishushanyo gifasha kunoza gukurura no gutuza, cyane cyane mubihe bigoye byo gutwara. Ibinyabiziga nka Subaru Outback na Audi Q5 bikunze kwerekana transaxles muburyo bwa AWD.

Umwanzuro

Muri make, transaxle nikintu cyingenzi mumodoka nyinshi zigezweho, cyane cyane mumodoka itwara ibiziga byimbere, imodoka zoroheje, imodoka za siporo, ibinyabiziga bihenze, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, ibinyabiziga bivangavanze, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutwara ibiziga byose. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhuza imirimo yo kohereza hamwe na axle mubice bimwe bitanga ibyiza byinshi, harimo gukora neza umwanya, kugabanya ibiro, kunoza imikorere, hamwe no gukurura gukurura.

Mugihe inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zikomeje gutera imbere, uruhare rwa transaxle rushobora kwaguka, cyane cyane ko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’ibivange bigenda byiyongera. Gusobanukirwa n'akamaro ka transaxles birashobora gutanga ubushishozi muburyo bwo gukora ibinyabiziga no mu buhanga, bikerekana ibisubizo bishya ababikora bakoresha kugirango bahuze ibyifuzo byabashoferi ba kijyambere. Waba ukunda imodoka cyangwa umuntu ushishikajwe gusa nuburyo ibinyabiziga bikora, transaxle ninsanganyamatsiko ishimishije ishimangira ubuhanga nubuhanga bwikoranabuhanga ryimodoka.