Imininingwane yomkhiqizo:
Imvula ephezulu (igiya lemvula ephezulu, umsindo okhululekile nomsindo ophansi)
Ukuphepha okuphezulu (okunomsebenzi ohlukile, ukubekezela isikhathi eside, ukonga amandla)
Ibhuleki le-electromagnetic (yima njengengoma ngenkathi uyeka, futhi ubhuleke lapho amandla ecishiwe)